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Introduction Methods idioms simplified statistical method statistical method applied voltage over-voltage characteristics and limitations and protective insulation insulation level Expand edit this section Introduction insulation coordination role of the voltage on the electrical equipment under normal operating conditions is operating voltage and a variety of over-voltage, the latter including temporary overvoltage, over-voltage, over-voltage lightning. For economic rational design transmission lines and electrical equipment insulation, electrical systems generally take special equipment and devices to limit overvoltage. Electrical equipment insulation level is able to withstand the test voltage: ① frequency withstand voltage value. ② lightning impulse withstand voltage value. ③ switching impulse withstand voltage value. ④ long frequency test voltage values. These test voltage waveform, numeric, application method,Adidas F50 FG, time, frequency, etc., all countries have national standards clearly defined. Edit this paragraph method idiom role in the device according to the maximum over-voltage insulation and dielectric strength equipment, the concept of minimum insulation coordination approach. Idiom simple, but can not estimate the probability of failure and a probability insulation and with the relationship between the coefficient, so this method relatively tight insulation requirements. The role of the device according to the insulation of the "maximum overvoltage" and equipment "minimum dielectric strength," the concept of the habit of insulation coordination method. First need to determine if the device may occur on the most dangerous over-voltage and minimum insulation withstand strength equipment, and then the operating experience, choose a fit factor as the ratio of these two voltages to compensate for the estimated maximum over-voltage and minimum insulation resistance by the intensity of the errors and increase the safety of more than a certain degree, to finalize the equipment insulation shall withstand voltage level. Idiom simple, but can not estimate the probability of insulation failure and this probability and with the relationship between the coefficient, so this method relatively tight insulation requirements. Because of the non-self-restoring insulation measured discharge probability high cost, it can only use the idiom. Currently, 220 kV and below electrical equipment, usually still use idioms. For example, power transformers are used lightning protection. Lightning arrester limits the ability of common arrester protection level representation. Transformer withstand lightning impulse insulation level (BIL) to be higher than the level of protection arresters, as the ratio between the two fit coefficients. China is generally used with the coefficient is 1.4. For 500 kV transformer, the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) regulations, with coefficients to be equal to or greater than 1.2. Statistical method according to over-voltage and insulation flashover voltage amplitude statistical properties of insulation failure rate is calculated. Sensitive to changes in the factors affecting the failure rate can be an acceptable level and reasonably determine the insulation level. Statistical method can not only quantitatively insulation coordination given the degree of safety, but also in accordance with the equipment depreciation costs, operating costs and accident damages the sum of the smallest of the three principles to optimize the design. Difficulty is that random factors, some statistical laws have yet to be understanding. Over voltage amplitude from the insulating dielectric strength facts are random variables, and insulation according to over-voltage amplitude of the statistical characteristics of flashover voltage, insulation failure rate is calculated. Sensitive to changes in the factors affecting the failure rate can be an acceptable level, the technical and economic comparison, based on the reasonable assurance level of insulation. This approach not only gives the insulation coordination quantitatively the degree of safety, but also in accordance with the equipment depreciation costs, operating costs and accident damages the sum of the smallest of the three principles to optimize the design. The present study is based on more than over-voltage amplitude probability distribution based statistical method. In EHV power systems significantly reduce the insulation level of economic efficiency. Self-restoring insulation statistical properties of the dielectric strength is relatively easy to obtain. Since the 1970s, the internationally recommended for EHV power system self-restoring insulation using a statistical method for insulation coordination. The difficulty lies in the random statistical method many factors,adidas f50 adizero, some of the statistical laws of random factors have yet to accumulate data and understanding, the low probability density part of the information more difficult to obtain. At present the calculated failure rate, usually much larger than the actual, as well as stay applications continue to improve. Simplified statistical method in order to facilitate calculations, assuming over-voltage and insulation discharge probabilities are subject to normal statistical distribution. International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) and the China National Insulation Coordination standards, recommended a 2% probability of occurrence of an overvoltage as a statistical (maximum) over-voltage Uw, then take a 10% probability flashover voltage of statistics as insulation withstand voltage Uw, safety factor in different statistical γ = Uw / Us of the case, the calculation of the insulation failure rate R. According to the technical and economic comparison between the cost and the failure rate coordination in setting acceptable R value, according to the corresponding γ and Us, to determine the insulation level. In practical applications in order to facilitate the calculation, it is assumed over voltage and insulation discharge probability are subject to normal statistical distribution. Simplified statistical method and idioms same simple, and there are ready to be investigated curve (Figure b). Although the failure rate values ​​may not be very accurate, but easy to program in engineering for comparison, which is widely used. Power system for determining the transmission lines and electrical equipment insulation level of principles, methods and regulations. The purpose of insulation coordination studies considering the role of electrical facilities may withstand voltage (working voltage and over-voltage), the effectiveness of over-voltage protection devices, as well as equipment for insulation materials and structures for a variety of roles withstand voltage characteristics and other factors, and considering economic rationality to determine the transmission lines and electrical equipment, insulation levels. Electrical equipment often run under the operating voltage power system, but also by a variety of over-voltage function. Electrical equipment insulation for various applied voltages have a certain tolerance limits. When the insulation is damaged, it will result in equipment damage or even system outages. To avoid these losses must ensure electrical insulation device having a predetermined strength, which is the level of insulation. Determine the insulation level required to handle technically applied voltage, over-voltage limitation measures, insulation tolerance among mutually supportive relationship, but also requires coordination of economic investment costs, maintenance costs and accident costs between losses relations, in order to achieve better overall economic efficiency. Edit this paragraph the applied voltage applied to the electrical voltage on the device is the normal operating conditions of the operating voltage and a variety of over-voltage. Power system during normal operation, each point frequency voltage is different. Transmission line voltage on the sending end of the device is higher than the voltage on the receiving end device. Thus, for each rated voltage of the power system, but also provides a maximum operating voltage of the system. Maximum operating voltage to be based on energy distribution, transmission distance, the grid structure, system flow distribution, stability characteristics, reactive power compensation, the economy, as well as equipment insulation design and other comprehensive factors to determine. China for 220 kV and below power system, the maximum operating voltage is specified at 15% higher than the rated voltage; For 330 ~ 500 kV EHV power systems, the maximum operating voltage of 10% above the nominal voltage. Including temporary overvoltage overvoltage, over-voltage, over-voltage lightning. Because of its different causes, have certain features. The insulating performance perspective, in addition to attention over-voltage amplitude, the need to distinguish between them and the voltage waveform of the time course of action. This is because the insulating strength of a volt-second characteristic, the ability to withstand voltage due to the voltage waveform and a duration of action differ. According to the applied voltage waveform can be divided into the following five kinds. ① Under normal operating conditions, the power frequency voltage. ② temporary overvoltage: typically a few hundred Hz Hz or does not decay or weak oscillation attenuation, the maximum duration of about one second. ③ slow front overvoltages: Wave head duration of tens to thousands of microseconds or asymmetric double exponential decay oscillation. Gaps, insulators and electrical equipment external insulation standard operating shock wave head test waveforms generally 250 microseconds / wavetail 2500 microseconds. ④ fast wave front overvoltage: the first wave duration is a few tenths to tens of microseconds unipolar double exponential wave. Standard lightning impulse test waveforms for the first wave of 1.2 microseconds / wavetail 50 microseconds. ⑤ steep wave front overvoltage: the first wave duration of only tens of nanoseconds, followed by a few megabytes to 100 MHz frequency oscillation superimposed. Standard steep wave front impact test waveforms in developing among the wave front time of 15 nanoseconds. Edit this paragraph voltage limiting and protection for economic rational design of transmission lines and electrical equipment insulation, electrical systems generally take special equipment and devices to limit the over-voltage, referred to as over-voltage protection. Usually high voltage shunt reactors, static var compensator elevated frequency voltage limit value; rapid protection with reduced frequency voltage increases its duration; using good conductor transmission line overhead ground wire, and in some circumstances can reduce ground fault caused by frequency voltage increases. In EHV power systems, load line when closing and reclosing can produce a relatively high over-voltage, but there is frequent,nike mercurial vapor 2013, the power system insulation level generally play a decisive role. Improve the performance of the circuit breaker, using closing parallel resistance, narrow-phase closed and others have very different effects on; through-flow capacity of larger metal oxide surge arresters, can also be used as an over-voltage protection devices. Substation equipment from the lightning overvoltage arrester for protection. Device overvoltage arrester performance lines to wave conditions, substation wiring layout and so on. Power system insulation coordination to include protective measures against over-voltage and integrated request formulated. Edit this paragraph electrical insulating properties and insulation level set

insulation coordination

prepare insulation can be divided into self-restoring insulation and non-self-restoring insulation two categories. Self-restoring insulation insulation can restore itself after the destruction, generally refers to the air in contact with air gap and external insulation. Non-self-restoring insulation after discharge its insulating properties can not recover on its own, usually by solid medium, liquid medium consisting of equipment insulation. Equipment insulation strength and shape of the electrode, an insulating material, the distance between the electrodes, the waveform of the voltage, among other factors, with the dispersion. Therefore, great importance in practical engineering Electrical Equipment true type insulation test. Electrical equipment insulation level means that the device can withstand (flashover does not occur, discharge or other damage) test voltage values. According to electrical equipment in the system may be exposed to a variety of applied voltage, the characteristics of protective devices and equipment insulation withstand voltage for various effects features, formulated some basic insulation level indicates that the device test voltage values. They are: ① frequency withstand voltage value; ② lightning impulse withstand voltage value; ③ switching impulse withstand voltage value; ④ long frequency test voltage values. The test voltage waveforms, numeric values, the test voltage is applied to the method, time, frequency, etc., in the country's national standards are clearly defined.

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Introduction of natural conditions environmental characteristics Climatic characteristics geographical distribution of natural resources, animal-shaped texture shaped geological history of religious and cultural history of Sri Lanka, the main city of Bangalore Pattaya About Maldives Expand edit this section, also known as the Indian subcontinent Indian subcontinent (and said the India-Pakistan subcontinent subcontinent or) is the Himalayas to the south of a large peninsula-shaped land, the southern extension of the Asian continent. Generally 8-37 degrees north latitude, longitude 61-97 degrees. Due to the Himalayan barrier, forming a relatively independent geographical unit, but the area has less than the usual sense of the continent, so called subcontinent. Total area of ​​approximately 4.3 million square kilometers, a population of approximately 1.3 billion. Total area of ​​approximately 4.3 million square kilometers, a population of approximately 1.3 billion. States generally located in the Indian subcontinent Indian plate, there are some in South Asia. Among India, Indian River, east of Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal and Bhutan is located on the continental crust; island nation of Sri Lanka is located in the continental shelf; island of Maldives is located in the oceanic crust.

 

Bay of Bengal in the east, west frequency Arabian Sea, south corner Comorin, the northern no clear boundaries, generally refers to the Aravalli mountains and coke 达讷格布尔 plateau south of a line, slightly triangular. North to south and 1,700 km from east to west widest 1,600 kilometers, an area 4,300,000 square kilometers, with an average elevation of 600 meters. Large north-south differences in climate, the northern steppe climate is tropical, semi-arid steppe climate of northwestern, southern perennial rain, the southwest side of a tropical rainforest climate.

whom the Indian peninsula

Three peninsula of southern Asia, the world's second-largest peninsula. As the main body to the Deccan Plateau, also known as the Deccan Peninsula. Larger rivers Narmada, Godavari River. Most areas of the tropical monsoon climate. Every year in October to February is the cool season, the average temperature is above 10 ℃; 3 to 6 months for the hot season, the central plateau of up to about 35 ℃, from July to September is the rainy season. Average annual rainfall of 800 mm. Generalized also Indus Indian peninsula - Gangetic plains included. Edit this paragraph natural conditions, large differences in climate climatic characteristics south, the northern steppe climate is tropical, semi-arid steppe climate of northwestern, southern perennial rain, the southwest side of a tropical rainforest climate.

Indian peninsula

most parts of South Asia, located north of the equator and 30 ° south latitude, except the Maldives and Sri Lanka, the southern island close to the equator, a tropical rainforest climate, Southern northwestern India and Pakistan are tropical desert climate, the other most parts of the tropical monsoon climate. The formation of the South Asian monsoon climate, with winter Natsumi thermal difference between land, displacement of the planetary wind belt of the season as well as the role of the Tibetan Plateau terrain so closely related. According to the advance and retreat of the monsoon, the year can be divided into cold, heat, rain seasons. December to February, blowing from the mainland northeast monsoon brought fine sea, dry, cool weather, for the cool season. In the cool season in diurnal temperature range is large, there is a certain degree of cyclone Northwest rain, the east coast of the peninsula have more precipitation. March to May, with the sun directly point northward, the temperature increased rapidly, the climate is hot and dry, called the hot season. Deccan Plateau Central temperature reached 35 ℃, Thar Desert has reached the absolute maximum temperature above 50 ℃, sometimes sandstorm. 6 to 9 months, as the South Asian region continued to heat, low heat generation in northwestern India, strongly attracted by the southeast trade winds across the equator deflected from southwest monsoon, so that further strengthened the forces of the southwest monsoon. Southwest monsoon warm tropical ocean through vast, full of moisture, much of South Asia to bring abundant precipitation, the formation of the rainy season. 90% of annual precipitation concentrated in the rainy season. Time of the rainy season, the first west of the peninsula, northwestern India latest, late to leave early southwest monsoon rainfall variability is large in South Asia is a major cause. 10 to 11 months for the late rainy season, the temperature began to decrease, the northern area of ​​the pressure is gradually increased, so that the pressure gradient between the land and sea is gradually weaker, so the southwest monsoon begins retreat, precipitation decreased, the soon transferred to the cool season.

India rainforest

tropical rainforest and tropical monsoon forests occupy large areas, and its distribution is closely related with precipitation. Western Ghats on the west side, the south side of the eastern Himalayas and Assam region as well as most of the island of Sri Lanka, more than the annual precipitation of 2,000 mm or more, for the tropical rain forest; Deccan most of the annual precipitation is 1,000 ~ 2,000 mm, the trees in order to reduce the evaporation of the hot season, the formation of the dry season deciduous; Deccan internal and northwestern peninsular India, the annual precipitation of 500 to 1,000 mm, mostly shrubs and grassland vegetation; tower Seoul and its surrounding desert, rainfall rarely for desert and semi-desert, only sparse growth of herbs and spiny shrub. Environmental Features

Indian peninsula

Indian subcontinent, good natural conditions, arable land accounts for about 60% of the total area, is the largest natural resources. Most area residents can eat food two crops a year, the eastern coastal delta region can reach three crops a year. Modern industrial country needs raw materials and mineral resources on the peninsula is also rich bears. Where coal reserves are eighth in the world, the volume contains iron ranks fourth in the world, needed to manufacture all kinds of electrical appliances mica production ranks first in the world. Not to mention the abundant plant resources, which features tropical, subtropical, temperate and boreal alpine plants are about more than 30,000 varieties. The forest coverage rate is even more impressive, 74 million hectares of forest area of ​​the country 22% of the total area of ​​the territory. People in the world are worried about less and less green today, Indians but they can relax a bit short time. Ministry of Natural Resources has a large northeastern coal, iron origin, center of heavy industry; otherwise manganese, gold, mica and other minerals. Agricultural products are corn, rice, cotton, sugar cane, crops and plantations in southern proportion increases.

Indian peninsula

Deccan in India on the peninsula, lying west to east, with an average elevation of 600 ~ 800m, the plateau east and west sides of modest height and two Eastern Ghats Ghats , between two mountains plateau surface hardened erosion, fragmented, multi-residual hill, horst and trench. Ancient geological plateau, is the ancient Precambrian continental block, in the Tertiary Himalayan movement, he was lifted for a number of block terraces, valleys and hills after long-term weathering and erosion, relatively flat topography conducive to farming, in the plateau region, due to massive ancient basaltic eruption, after weathering shaped fertile soil, suitable for planting cotton, also known as black cotton soil, is India's major cotton producing areas. In the central and southern regions with little precipitation, is India's dry - peanuts, corn origin, the northeastern part of the plateau is India's main mineral zones, mineral resources, iron ore, manganese ore, coal, mica and other minerals. A large number of iron ore exported to Japan and other countries. The main body of the Indian peninsula. For the vast undulating plateau, with an average elevation of 450-900 meters. West to east, originated in the highlands of the major rivers flowing east into the Bay of Bengal, the plateau cut broken, the formation of large and small east-west trending hills and mountains, valleys, plains and basins. Covering a large area of ​​the western highlands thick layer of basalt layer, the regolith good water retention properties, suitable cotton, millet and other crops. South inland part of the Indian peninsula. In southern India. An ancient Precambrian platform. Altitude of 600 meters, the terrain west to east, north south width narrow inverted triangle stretching from the Indian Ocean from the South Asian continent. Eastern edge of the plateau is the Eastern Ghats, the western margin of the Western Ghats, a plateau between two mountain face hardened erosion, fragmented, multi-residual hill, horst and trench. Northwest plateau surface about 1/3 of the vast region is covered by lava. Is a typical continental monsoon climate, abundant rainfall. Which mica reserves in the world. Animal distribution of the most worth mentioning is that the Indian peninsula is known as "Animal Kingdom". Here the number of animals, wide distribution, varieties, there are more than 70,000 kinds. Lion and tiger is India's national animal, in ancient times, they are a symbol of power and mighty, with some of the imperial lion, tiger named. Elephant, cow, monkey is India's sacred, revered by the people. In India, the cow is the most sacred animal, and definitely not to kill food. Monkey god Hanuman is a symbol of wisdom. Elephants Although heavy, but the Indians treat it as cute animals, in ancient times, the elephant is still a arms, known as the "elephant" soldiers engaged in combat too! Also, Indians worship the snake is one of the animals, and many artists specifically to be a snake entertainer for a living. Peacock is India's national bird protected by the people, is strictly prohibited hunting, perhaps because of the famous Mauryan it right. Have become the animal kingdom, thanks to the Government of India for the protection of animal resources taken many measures. These measures have been quite effective, endangered tiger population has increased from less than 2,000 to more than 3,000 today, only a. Edit this paragraph geography shaped texture shape average elevation of 600 meters. East, along the western margin of the East Coast were tandem, Western Ghats, between two mountains is about 600 meters above sea level Deccan Plateau, foothills outside the narrow coastal plain piedmont, the internal distribution of many cut from the river valley basin and hills, mountains. West to east, the river takes the East River in addition to Narbonne Note the Bay of Bengal. Geological formations from the ancient granite, gneiss, schist consisting of ancient land, the western area of ​​520,000 square kilometers covered with basalt layer, after weathering suitable cotton.

Indian peninsula

geological structure and topography has a very clear relationship. Southern Deccan Plateau, occupies most of the Indian peninsula, is a huge ancient Precambrian continental block, which constitute the core of the subcontinent, is part of Gondwana ancient land. End of the Cretaceous, the Deccan Plateau in the northwest had massive basalt overflowed, covering an area of ​​400,000 square kilometers, constitute the world's largest lava plateau. Deccan is a well-eroded terrain to the northeast-dipping big old block, Western Ghats constitute the western edge of the plateau, a height of about 1,000 to 1,500 meters, and its western slope into a fault scarp; East High Ghats form the eastern edge of the plateau, a height of about 500 to 600 meters, hilly state, coast wide coastal plain; internal multi-horst in the Deccan Plateau and trench terrain. In short, the Deccan Plateau is an old, well-erosion, tilting and by many rivers that cut peneplain remnant mounds plots. As for the island of Sri Lanka, and India on the geological structure of the original as a whole, due to Palk Strait and the Gulf of Mana Er settlement, separated only with India. The northern part of the Himalayan mountain range south of the mountain, which is the product of Himalayan movement. Himalayas in the structure can be divided into three zones: the northern zone, also known as the Tibetan Himalayan belt or belt, by the early Paleozoic to Tertiary strata composition; Central zone, also known as the Himalayan peaks of the Himalayan belt or belt, exposing rocks mainly granite and gneiss, many modern glaciers and peaks; southern foothills of the Himalayas with known or outer belt of India between the Great Plains and the Himalayas, mainly for the low foothills of the Tertiary sedimentary rocks in the Lord, a height of about 1,000 meters. India belongs to the new Great Plains fold mountain foredeep zone, formerly part of the Bay of Bengal and the Arabian Sea, west about 3,000 km north-south width of 250 to 300 kilometers, is one of the world famous Great Plains. Edit this paragraph history of cultural history about BC 1000, the militant group has Aryans conquered or assimilated Vindhya mountain range to the north of most of the Indian territory, and the Vindhya mountains is like a barrier, part of the peninsula North and South India and the Deccan Plateau in the Ganges and the Indus Valley isolate. Aryan language has never been popular in the south, southerner has mainly four kinds of non-Indo-European language operation, collectively Dravidian language,Mercurial Vapor VIII, each of which has its own large number of ancient literature. Southern also tried so far named as "Aryan" or influence to resist oppression, but in fact the South and the "Aryan" North in religion, art, literature, philosophy, and many other cultural areas close two-way communication has been going on for a few Millennium. There is undoubtedly a south Indian culture difference, but north and south Indian civilization is the overall generic name. We can only speculate Vedic era South is like. Great narrative poem "Mahabharata" and "Ramayana," said the South and Ceylon habitat Vedic heroes who fought with beasts and demons, so to say in order to maintain their conquered scorn northerners descriptor. However, although it may have been fighting and attacks, get screened distant mountains south, east and west ends except Vindhya Mountains coastal plains vulnerable to intrusion, the remaining part of the Aryan has been unaffected controls. However, Ceylon (now Sri Lanka) in the 6th century BC, was a group of people who speak Aryan invasion from the sea and settled, or possibly earlier shortly after, it was over southern India Dravidian invasion. Indian civilization's long history and brilliant achievements show that the Indian nation is a great nation and be creative. Indian Paleolithic ancestors, mainly by hunting and gathering to survive. By the source of their food and migration, usually no fixed abode. Later, they learned to use fire grilled food, and shelter with animal fur and leaves the body. They also began to tame wild dogs. Dating back about 12000 - 8000 years of this period, the Indian settlers began planting corn, domesticated livestock, making pottery, while learning to sew clothes. Archaeologists across India, especially in northwest India and the Deccan Plateau, were found in a large number of sophisticated Neolithic polished stone tools. The fact that India has been quite widely distributed ancestors. India's vast territory, rich, for the ancient humans is obviously a paradise. In addition to the hot summer, the natural environment in India is very advantageous. Since ancient times because it is very suitable for the survival of mankind, human beings in different parts of India have enormous appeal. From Africa, Oceania and Eurasia, there have been a different race invasion or relocate to India. Modern Indians, basically those of mixed racial descent. Even today, the Indian race is still quite complicated. So India has always been kind of museum that also has an anthropological paradise said. Some Western University anthropology major, that India as a student internship and research base. Religious Hindus believe everything has a soul, death, his soul transferred to the new body. Today, this concept is basically understood as follows, namely: the person can be regenerated for many species of insects or animals. Therefore, cows, goats, bugs and insects must be respected. In India,Adidas AdiPure TF, cows why the supply of meat animals being unique special reverence is still a mystery. Hinduism without its adherents gathered in a large number of temples, its wooden temples not hangout, but the statement of faith. Doctrine of eternal life full of everyday life and rules of conduct, but also gradually emphasize the cycle of life. The notion of the tragic situation in the blessing, but also to instill some hope believers. Living in poverty, humble believers, it provides a consolation, namely: if a person do good, you can be rewarded after death, his soul can enter an admirable person's body; the other hand, dead souls return to earth in the process, may enter a smaller animal body. Edit this paragraph southern Indian city of Bangalore, the main city, capital of Karnataka. Even suburban population 2,914,000 (1981). Altitude of 922 meters from a castle in southern India to develop into economic and cultural centers. Of old and new city: the old city for commercial, industrial zone Metro. Neighborhood rich in cotton, rice, oilseeds, tobacco. India's major center of heavy industry, mechanical, electrical, chemical, aircraft, watches, metal processing industry, as well as traditional carpet-weaving industry, cotton, silk textiles and modern leather industry. Number of railway and highway in this intersection. There are airports.

Bangalore

35% of the IT professionals in India in Bangalore, work hard, they create income in India accounts for a substantial proportion of GDP, Microsoft, Hewlett-Packard, 3M, Infosys and other world-renowned companies are set up offices here. Besides, biotechnology is one of its leading products. Hills at an altitude of 921 meters on top of the ridge, the climate is mild and pleasant, the hottest month (May) average temperature of 27 ℃, the coldest month (December) 21 ℃. Annual rainfall of 924 mm. 1681 Kingdom of the future is the main city of Mysore, the colonial era was an important military stronghold. After India's independence, rapid industrialization, is a commercial city and economic center of southern India leading to Madras, Bombay, Hyderabad and other places, railway, highway transportation hub. Owned iron and steel, machinery, electronics, chemical, textile, leather, food and other developed modern industry. Bangalore is located in Kannada, Tamil culture Duluth solid and the junction become active cultural center, with Bangalore University, Indian Institute of Science, Indian Institute of Science, Agricultural University, National Power Research Institute and other educational facilities. The city still preserved which was built in 1761 and the ancient city of stone temples and other historical sites, castles center next to a large garden, and magnificent modern building. India's seventh largest city, an area of ​​174.7 square kilometers, population 5.2 million, is the capital of Karnataka in southern India industrial city and commercial center, many military factories were built here. This thriving modern business center with India's "Silicon Valley", "garden city" reputation. Bangalore meaning "Beans", built in the 16th century. From 1831 onwards, by the British colonialists occupied until 1947 before the British evacuated the city. In 1958, the Texas company in Bangalore established a design center for other multinational IT companies to pave the way for this set point. 1960s, the central government to focus on national defense and communication research institutions, such as the Research Institute, the National Institute for Aviation Research, Radar Electronics Development Corporation is located in the city,Adidas F50 FG, and the city's IT industry has been rapid development, now it has become India's science and technology center. Bangalore is the Indian government one of the key areas of industrial investment. There are India's leading aircraft manufacturer, electrical appliances, communications equipment, machine tools, automobile manufacturing, pharmaceutical and other plants. Indian subcontinent on the southern tip of Sri Lanka, the island northwest across the Palk Strait and across the Indian peninsula. Close to the equator, such as the summer throughout the year, the annual average temperature of 28 ℃. Average annual precipitation is around 1283-3321 mm. Beautiful scenery, known as "the pearl of the Indian Ocean," said.

Sri Lanka

1500 years ago, from North Indian Aryans immigrated to the island of Ceylon established Sinhalese dynasty. 247 BC, the Indian Mauryan Emperor Ashoka sent his son to the island promote Buddhism, was welcomed by the local king, from the Sinhalese abandon Brahmanism and convert to Buddhism. Around the 2nd century BC, South Indian Tamils ​​have begun to migrate and settle in the island of Ceylon. From the 5th century to the 16th century, the island Sangha Silla Kingdom and Tamil kingdoms fought constantly. At first, after the 16th century Portuguese and Dutch rule. 18th century became a British colony. February 1948 to obtain independence, the country name Ceylon. May 22, 1972 was renamed the Republic of Sri Lanka. August 16, 1978 was renamed the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka. Pattaya

Pattaya

Pattaya tourist area known for sun, sand, seafood has gained world renown as the "Oriental Hawaii", is an emerging world-famous seaside tourist resort. Pattaya is located 154 kilometers southeast of Bangkok, Indochina and the Malay Peninsula between the Gulf of Siam, the urban area of ​​over 20 square kilometers, beautiful scenery and pleasant weather. 200 to 300 times a year, hundreds of people attended the international conference held in this area. More than 100 million tourists each year, income from foreign currency equivalent to more than 70 billion baht Thailand is one of the pillars of tourism in Thailand. Maldives is located in the southwest of the Indian peninsula in the Indian Ocean, close to Sri Lanka, an area of ​​two hundred ninety-eight square kilometers, population more than two hundred and twenty thousand. Maldives Islands are beautiful by the 1196 ring of coral islands reefs, such as garlands, it has "garland Islands" reputation. Maldives Islands islanders say their country is "the island kingdom." Ancient seafarers sailing in the Indian Ocean and the Indian business travel are due to its topography and called it "garland of islands" - "MALDAIV", the name is derived from the Maldives. Island coconut, sea, sun, sand, colorful coral is many people's minds paradise. Local residents believe in Islam, GM Di Wali language, official and general English upper classes of society. Its capital Male (or Mali), is the world's smallest national capital, population about 40,000 and six thousand

Maldives 

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Synopsis Diversity Diversity plot plot played music soundtrack cast list Expand Edit this paragraph Synopsis youth, vitality, naughty Yongcheng rush to the airport to pick up a friend, but found that forgot to bring money, just in time the gentle, kind, beautiful Yinxian Shu also hailed in the street to the airport. When a photographer after a friend introduced Yongcheng, just have to enter the virtuous work wedding company, the two met again and became partner often work out with pictures. At first they hate each other, loving everything Yongcheng seriously stubborn frown, and sometimes even to make compromises in order to work; rather virtuous could not understand Yongcheng a slovenly, frivolous impulsive attitude. They work every day to meet the needs smiley happy couple a pair of sweet, but often at work behind the noisy earth-shaking, but they unknowingly discovered two original can not be missing in their lives to each other, suddenly feeling so magical fly soared. Learned that his graciousness of leukemia, checks must be hospitalized and reached an anticancer agent,nike mercurial vapor 2013, the doctor told her about germs attack within six months, but the results depend on the specific treatment outcomes. Virtuous hide everyone admitted to the hospital, made a three-day anti-cancer treatment, graciousness back home, but to see Yongcheng filled with love, then sent her a card, virtuous moved to tears. Returned to the company after work for fear of bringing misfortune to Yongcheng, Yongcheng she avoided everywhere. Yongcheng her very strange move, could not resist his love virtuous intentions to marry him, asked her to reply within three days. Virtuous from the doctor know that this therapeutic effect is not good, and she found the same bone marrow donor has temporarily changed his mind. Virtuous aware of their disease may be incurable, painful rejected Yongcheng. Yongcheng not understand loving rejected, that virtuous deceive his own feelings, and I feel very bad, decided to resign leave. While Yongcheng pack ready to leave, when suddenly received a virtuous people to the hospital collapsed by telephone. Yongcheng rushed to the hospital, and finally got to know the graciousness of leukemia thing. The doctor told Yongcheng virtuous life remaining six months of the time, Yongcheng overcome with grief, cherish the love for the virtuous. For according to Gu Xianshu, Yongcheng back company, and promised not mention marriage thing virtuous and happy as possible so virtuous. Yongcheng specifically for virtuous conduct in their own home on the top floor of a pleasant and memorable birthday party, could not help loving marry again, but graciousness is still denied. Yongcheng know not agree with their loving marriage, when he knew that the company is preparing to shoot a wedding ceremony attended presentation, he hopes to achieve through this opportunity to wish him and the virtuous, so Yongcheng convince the company to let him and the graciousness of a model . In the melodious wedding march, deeply in love and graciousness Yongcheng slowly walked into the wedding hall. Although virtuous know this is just a "fake marriage", but still very moved, in the exchange of gifts, Wing Shing to buy a wedding ring for the virtuous solemn as virtuous wear, and told her that this is not a fake marriage, but really, after the wedding Yongcheng with graciousness returned to her hometown in the honeymoon island, virtuous please forever be her camera. Looked increasingly pale and virtuous,f50 2013, Yongcheng goes very painful photographed last smile. In two years, the day after Yongcheng became famous photographer, his work --- graciousness last smile is made huge ad, hanging in major metro station. [Popcorn] like hot love, himself, a burst out of the sky is too scattered ...

 

drama "I am willing," the protagonist (19). Song Seung Hun by the Korean male pet, nicknamed "little confused" in Jingui Li, Wudong Xi, Pei Jishun group has not played such a successful career of young people, with their characteristic enthusiasm and little disturbed mental shallots to the pursuit of love story. Among stir laugh polygonal Love, Fatal Love the blue was sad that, as long as the fine taste of chewing, not a good feeling in their hearts. Yongcheng (Song Seung Heon ornaments) and Yinxian Shu (Jingui Li ornaments) in a chance encounter inside and compelling circumstances ride together, because two people are very anxious, but they are to the airport. The next day they met in front of the building company, Yin Yong Hoon scholar to know the original photographer. In the Forbidden City Yongcheng being shot for the newlyweds wedding photography, Yin Xiu urge him in the side but time is running out, but the more virtuous achievements ever more anxious slow, so virtuous anxious Tian round and round. After completion of photography to the next scene because of a serious traffic jam when, virtuous bride and groom had to take the subway together. That was virtuous foot blocking the door to be closed, finally on the car. Thanks to the efforts of Yin Xiu, they just did not delay things. But it took forever to tease her about it. Another time, company dinners, dinner place yet virtuous 'New River' mistook as "Village", the results accidentally dinner was postponed, while the virtuous but come and have dinner with Yong Hoon. Yong former photographer works in pairs is not satisfied, and said to re-photography. Virtuous Yongcheng found knowledge to keep the other side seriously, and also saw him as a true treasure of the compass. Yongcheng notice graciousness re photography thing, but Yongcheng saw in the newspaper in the United States opened a solo exhibition of the artist, but after it reported hurried toward there. The results could not hold and graciousness of the agreement, Yin Xiu was very angry, asked to be Yongcheng's address to find him, but were surprised to see a very lonely Yongcheng look .......... so this pair hearts of young people gradually germination love story also will be changed. Viola has been implied health began to concrete. Virtuous in the hospital for examination, informed that they must immediately hospitalized and put into anti-cancer drugs. Served as physician recommended anti-cancer drugs slow the expansion of cancer cells in the blood, Yin show that their lives only six months. Yin Xiu Although this has been psychologically prepared, but gradually approached the god of death, but pushed her into despair. Yongcheng ignorant of these, however, her still as consultants, but the deeper the love Yong Xun Yin Xiu more feel the pain. Later graciousness to travel to the hospital grounds alone, when he learned Yin Xiu invited vacation, he hurried to find her. Two people love word clouds cast a thick layer. Yong Hoon did not understand his feelings, why not impress Yin Xiu heart, makes the story even more interesting to the latter part of the multiplier, Yin Xiu secrets slowly opened, Yongcheng desperate after that is affecting the way people look heartstrings. Edit this paragraph Diversity plot Diversity plot away query a set of queries Episode 2 Episode 3 Episode 4 Episode 5 Episode 6 Episode 7 Episode 8 Episode 9 Episode 10 Episode 11 Episode 13 Episode 14 Episode 12 Episode 15 Episode 16 Episode first permanent as a photographer, graciousness is the bridal salon store personnel, the two have rushed to the airport in a taxi when you first met, but graciousness Yongcheng left the impression is not good. Later virtuous know the company is new to the photographer Yongcheng, and then they began bickering colleagues almost every day will live. The company in addition Yongcheng and virtuous, there JI Shun, East tin, into Wan, Chi Xi, Qi Dong, the first car first and Robben room long, and in the eastern town of ten thousand tin is also like the JI Shun. Yongcheng personality very casual, but in a work, the virtuous work in pairs to see Wing persistent side, a chance to see again in Yongcheng compass in hand, this move so virtuous never a good impression on Yongcheng slowly transferred into the feeling of love. Yong Cheng Zeng guests and white once, but this time Yongcheng late again, was kind enough emotional quarrel and a fight guests, this virtuous very angry, they entered the Cold War. Episode 2 Bridal source for developers to participate in a small wedding party, but the model does not appear in the day, let's all hurry up. At this time it was suggested by the graciousness and modeling part Yongcheng instead. Virtuous only to please help Yongcheng, Yongcheng sarcastic virtuous virtuous promised after the request, Shu smoothly through this stage. Wing into a friend and his wife to marry, and this two a disability Yongcheng want to help them make a free wedding album, so please help East tin, but the East Wing Shing Tin tells these things managed by the virtuous. Yongcheng virtuous request help, virtuous things difficult Yongcheng, he refused to help. But virtuous see Yongcheng apologized to his friend then decided to take the picture to help them, to help them really hold a wedding ceremony. Virtuous cold and did not come to work, never intentionally raw guilt, but the sight of virtuous, could not help but fight with her mouth that. East Wing Shing Tin told a wedding dress photo contest, Yongcheng wrong thing. Yongcheng go out together with the graciousness of photography, John became the indisputable location with people falling out. Episode 3 Yongcheng out about graciousness, graciousness and Yongcheng opportunity to reach an agreement after two people do not want a meeting on the fight. The next day, virtuous lost customers because of the bride dress, scolding and depressed by the customer, although the thought comforted Yongcheng virtuous, but a bridal gown, but a lot of money, think of this time Yongcheng Photography Competition. Yongcheng participate in the photo competition is one of the judges had to quarrel with Yongcheng into ho. Two weeks after the results were announced so Yongcheng disappointed with graciousness. Graciousness and Yong Cheng came Daiei Hotel shooting, but did not think the groom Yongcheng is actually his half brother while the bride is his schoolmates. As Yongcheng grew up in an orphanage, my mother went abroad, so one does not like children, psychological balance, will not have a crush on my brother. Episode 4 graciousness to Yongcheng suggested to develop new photographic venues Yongcheng promise, but ultimately did not make the trip. Let his brother John became despised, so I plan switched to large companies. Guests booking at a banquet? Twin situation occurred last graciousness personally find help on the Mi-yeon. Yongcheng shot to the graciousness he did not help her explain the reason, virtuous learned Yongcheng process of growth and experience. Tin told graciousness America East Wing Shing Yan is a former girlfriend. Yongcheng see their photographs not be used, went head theory, the accident that he was taught by Thailand to get the job, then immediately resign. Episode 5 graciousness find Yongcheng when happened to see Mi-yeon and Yongcheng together, turn left, never to see them recover the past, but did not catch up, and afterwards went to Mi-yeon virtuous interpretation was condition; Wing Shing and Thailand into a fight after the phone call about graciousness met on the basketball court, but graciousness about Yongcheng meet the ever married, both because the phone does not pass, but did not see someone else under the surface. Episode 6 graciousness hear the message after Yongcheng find him, the two finally met face, inexplicable feelings are two hearts grow; due Yongcheng has resigned, virtuous suggested that he might return to WeddingPhoto work, Wing Then go east into the tin to help; Chang Suk about Crystal attend his birthday party, virtuous about Chang Shu Yong Cheng attended a birthday party, but this time Yongcheng but received a phone Mi-yeon. Yongcheng about Thailand into a meeting, explaining his relationship with the Mi-yeon, hope Thailand into not misunderstand. Yongcheng about loving to see photo exhibition, in fact, is to show photos of his childhood to the present, and sent into a virtuous one forever compass. Episode 7 Chi Xi himself in the company of tin is spread her contacts with East news, not only East tin baffled, and even other people feel incredible, especially JI Shun. Originally JI Shun, East tin, virtuous a group trip to Busan, Yong Cheng, Chi Xi a group trip to Jeju, but wisdom Hee deliberately late, the results become Yongcheng went with graciousness Jeju travel. Because Chi Xi late, virtuous instead of Chi-hee and Yong Cheng trip to Jeju Island, Wing Shing constantly graciousness that a good impression, but graciousness is very concerned about the doctor's diagnosis. As they fell into the pool to go, virtuous had to buy clothes, Yong Cheng also bought a set with the same graciousness casual wear, two people look like newlyweds general. They have to go out to eat dinner, happened to meet Mi-yeon, so they went together to three meals, but Yongcheng simply chat with Mi Yeon previous topic, while ignoring the virtuous. Episode 8 due Chi Xi late, virtuous instead of Chi-hee and Yong Cheng went to Jeju travel, Yongcheng constantly graciousness that a good impression, but graciousness is very concerned about the doctor's diagnosis. As they fell into the pool to go, virtuous had to buy clothes, Yong Cheng also bought a set with the same graciousness casual wear, two people look like newlyweds general. They have to go out to eat dinner, happened to meet Mi-yeon, so they went together to three meals, but Yongcheng simply chat with Mi Yeon previous topic, while ignoring the virtuous. Yongcheng virtuous outward confession at the airport and told graciousness he said to her in a seashell I love you. JI Shun East tin deliberately showed the most unseemly side, so that town of 10,000 with wisdom Hee quit. The doctor told her graciousness up only six months to live, loving mood fell to the bottom. To help Crystal,Mercurial Vapor IX, Crystal Chang Shu requires a date with him once, but because of Chang Shu-mobility, we can not go to KTV, Playground, photo ID, Chang Shu also told Crystal, after the accident how he survive it. Episode 9 virtuous lie Chang Suk company sent her to travel, while the company took leave of absence, just as virtuous ready to go to hospital for treatment, Yongcheng ride came to her and asked her why she does not tell him leave soon, two who thus broke up. Luo Zhi Xi chamber when long been advised his students to follow him to study for the wedding, but did not seem to Xi Zhi much interest. Since not be contacted graciousness Yongcheng had to leave a message and postcards through to the graciousness to express her love. Chang Shu went to see a movie with Crystal, feelings between the two gradually warming. When the virtuous treatment of pain in hospital after returning home, is lying at rest, Yongcheng called me, and handed her a small bag full of puppets, and to virtuous rest. Graciousness in the company deliberately keep a distance with Wing Shing and Wing Shing to treat her as a colleague, not continue to love her. Episode 10 Yongcheng about loving memorial to celebrate the two met one hundred days, virtuous though refused, but in the end still ran the agreed place to meet. Yongcheng to virtuous to marry him, and gave her three days to consider the time, virtuous dilemma. JI Shun Tin East, although each have a crush, but continue to cause to other people courted each other's attention. Chang Shu Yong Cheng eat bad things with diarrhea, so crystal go according to Gu Changshu, virtuous then go according to Gu Yongcheng. Episode 11 Yongcheng graciousness asked why not marry him, virtuous just hope he can rest assured that when the two of them go out and work together, because they were rejected and Yongcheng motivation to work, attracting customers great dissatisfaction. Chi Tung Tin Hee told him no longer love her reluctantly, east of tin glad I still can not help trace forlorn account. Graciousness that Yongcheng to resign, then it has to meet him, hope he does not resign, but did not bother Yongcheng. Chang Shu and crystal heated up in the feelings of the two. Although JI Shun dating very happy. However, economic capacity, but not as good as the East tin town of 10,000. Episode 12 Yongcheng have turned out to be very virtuous leukemia, temporarily unable to accept the fact. Doctors and other virtuous awake, telling her hope that she will tell his family about his illness in order to avoid a similar situation occurring again. Wing costs would like to tell the sick graciousness Chang Shu, but Shu Chang accident that exchange students will go abroad to study for two years in the name of the book. Chang Shu graciousness before going abroad organized a grand birthday party, virtuous, Chang Shu, Yongcheng, crystal four of them together spent a happy birthday party. Episode 13 graciousness Crystal followed her to go out together with Yongcheng, slowly work your own content to teach Crystal. Town of 10,000 to go to Seoul Yongcheng wedding photography agency interview, but was refused Yongcheng, virtuous town of 10,000 so please help convince Yongcheng; East tin and JI Shun On reflection, we found that two people do not fit. While studying Chang Shu to surrender application form, Crystal came to the school to stop him, and told him virtuous condition; Yongcheng finished virtuous teaching how to take pictures, send her home, in the intersection met Crystal. Episode 14 graciousness left a letter to Chang Shu, we leave Seoul; Chang Shu see the message, notify Yongcheng, and told him to be loving their homeland Chuncheon, so the day of departure to Yongcheng Chuncheon However virtuous deliberately avoided him; Nevertheless, they still saw the face, Yongcheng guarantee will stay in the graciousness of her. Episode 15 graciousness back to Seoul after a long pause and Chang Shu-long talk. JI Shun Tin East town of 10,000 with their desire to repent Xi Zhi, JI Shun bought a shirt want to give town of 10,000, the East tin buy a red T-shirt want to give Chi-hee, I did not expect it to take the wrong one another gift; crystal to Chang Shu marry, virtuous for the two of them held a simple engagement ceremony, after the end of the virtuous Yongcheng marry again, but still refused Yongcheng graciousness. Episode 16 graciousness and Yongcheng out shooting, ending virtuous but fainted after shooting, Yong Cheng returned to the company, that company should prepare micro "mock marriage," the model, so please vote for him and loving tin East As a model, the East tin at first refused, and later had to tell him virtuous Yongcheng illness, East tin and tell everyone at the meeting virtuous condition, so we unanimously decided to help Yongcheng. In the graciousness after discharge participate in the first meeting, East tin proposal so virtuous and Yongcheng as a model, virtuous has repeatedly turned down, but eventually arrived, but the JI Shun commands. In the "mock marriage", the Yongcheng back again with graciousness Chuncheon, to find loving birth tree, but Renshiquanfei, how to find I could not find. Virtuous So please take a picture of Yongcheng help her. Looked increasingly pale and virtuous, Yongcheng goes very painful photographed last smile. In two years, the day after Yongcheng became famous photographer, his work --- graciousness last smile is made huge ad, hanging in major metro station. 1-10 set 11-16 set To view the full story Paged view plot Edit this paragraph speech cast list Role Actor Remarks Yongcheng Song Seung Hun ---- Yinxian Shu Jin Guili ---- into Zhu Zheng Jun ---- Xiuzhen Jin Runqing ---- Edit this paragraph musical soundtrack 01. Title '팝콘' 02. 내안 의 너 - 임하영 03. Love Song 04. 여름 이야기 - 최혜원 05. Start

starring Song Seung Heon

06. 슈비 두밥 - 할리퀸 07. 회상 08. 알고 있어요 - 최혜원 09. Smile 10. 상처 11. 그녀 를 위해 - 최진경 12. Sea Of Love 13. 자동차 여행 14. 애상 15. Puppy Love 16. 슈비 두밥 (Unplugged) - 할리퀸 17. Title '팝콘'

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绿化降噪 noise reduction by afforestation 栽植树木和草皮以降低噪声的方法。树木的叶、枝、干是决定树木降噪效用的主要因素,Nike CTR360 FG。声波射向树叶的初始角度和树叶的密度决定树叶对声音的反射、透射和吸收情况。大而厚、带有绒毛的浓密树叶和细枝对降低高频噪声有较大作用。树干对低频噪声反射很少，成片树林可使高频噪声因散射而明显衰减。不同的树种、组合配植方式和地面的覆盖情况也对降噪有一定影响。声音经过疏松土壤和草坪的传播，会有超过平方反比定律的附加衰减。从遮隔和减弱城市噪声的需要考虑，配植树木应选用常绿灌木与常绿乔木树种的组合，并要求有足够宽度的林带，以便形成较为浓密的“绿墙”。沿城市干道散植的行道树一般没有降噪效用,Adidas AdiPure TF。

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基本原则机构分类调查种类常用方式普查抽样调查统计报表重点调查典型调查调查方案展开 编辑本段基本原则要实事求是，如实反映情况（准确性原则） 要及时反映，及时预报（及时性原则） 要数字与情况相结合（完整性原则）编辑本段机构分类根据组织统计调查的机构不同，统计调查项目分为国家统计调查项目、部门统计调查项目、地方统计调查项目三类。编辑本段调查种类1、按调查对象包括的范围不同，可分为全面调查和非全面调查。 （1）全面调查是对被调查对象中所有的单位全部进行调查，其主要目的是要取得总体的全面、系统、完整的总量资料。如普查。全面调查要耗费大量的人力、物力、财力和时间。 （2）非全面调查是对被调查对象中一部分单位进行调查。如重点调查、典型调查、抽样调查和非全面统计报表等。 全面调查和非全面调查是以调查对象所包括的单位范围不同来区分的，而不是以最后取得的结果是否反映总体特征的全面资料而言的。 2、按登记时间是否连续，可分为经常性调查与一次性调查。 (1）经常性调查，是随着调查对象在时间上的发展变化，而随时对变化的情况进行连续不断的登记。其主要目的是获得事物全部发展过程及其结果的统计资料。 (2）一次性调查：是不连续登记的调查，它是对事物每隔一段时期后在一定时点上的状态进行登记。其主要目的是获得事物在某一时点上的水平、状况的资料。 一次性调查又分为定期和不定期两种。定期调查是每隔一段固定时期进行一次调查，不定期调查是时间间隔不完全相等，而且间隔很久才调查一次。 3、按调查的组织方式不同，可分为统计报表制度和专门调查。 (1）统计报表制度：它是按照国家统一规定的调查要求与文件（指标、表格形式、计算方法等）自下而上的提供统计资料的一种报表制度。 (2）专门调查：是为了某一特定目的而专门组织的统计调查。包括：普查、抽样调查、统计报表、重点调查、典型调查等。编辑本段常用方式常用的方式有:普查、抽样调查、和统计报表等普查定义：为特定目的而专门组织的一次性全面调查。 对统计总体的全部单位进行调查以搜集统计资料的工作。普查资料常被用来说明现象在一定时点上的全面情况。如人口普查就是对全国人口一一进行调查登记，规定某个特定时点(某年某月某日某时)作为全国统一的统计时点，以反映有关人口的自然和社会的各类特征。 意义：普查可以摸清一个国家的国情、国力，特别是可以了解与掌握人力、财力、物资资源状况，为国家制定长远规划与政策提供可靠的依据。因此它是一种全面调查，具有资料包括的范围全面、详尽、系统的优点；他是一次性的专门调查，因为普查的工作量大，耗资也多，时间周期较长，一般不宜经常举行。 特点: 1、需要规定统一的标准时间(资料所属时间) 2、 通常是一次性或周期性的 3、数据的规范化程度较高 4、适用于关乎于国计民生的重要数据的搜集,adidas f50,应用范围比较狭窄 我国通过普查进行的统计调查内容和时间周期已经规范化、制度化，具体包括： 1、 人口普查，每10年进行一次，逢“0”的年份进行，如2010年进行了中国第六次人口普查。 2、第三产业普查，每10年进行一次，逢“3”的年份进行，如2003年进行了中国第二次第三产业普查。 3、工业普查，每10年进行一次，逢“5”的年份进行，如2005年进行了中国第四次工业普查。 4、农业普查，每10年进行一次，逢“7”的年份进行，如2007年进行了中国第二次农业普查。 5、基本单位普查，每5年进行一次，逢“1”和“6”的年份进行，如2011年进行了中国第四次基本单位普查。抽样调查定义:是指从研究对象的总体中抽取一部分单位作为样本进行调查，据此推断有关总体的数字特征。是市场调查中最常用的调查方式。 特点:经济性好.实效性强.适应面广.准确性高 抽样调查是根据部分实际调查结果来推断总体标志总量的一种统计调查方法，属于非全面调查的范畴。它是按照科学的原理和计算，从若干单位组成的事物总体中，抽取部分样本单位来进行调查、观察，用所得到的调查标志的数据以代表总体，推断总体。 分类 （1）简单随机抽样：又称纯随机抽样，它是指对总体不作任何处理，不进行分类也不进行排除，而是完全按随机的原则，直接从总体中抽取样本单位加以观察。从理论上说，是最符合抽样调查的随机原则，是抽样调查的最基本形式。具体方法有：直接抽选法、抽签法和随机数表法。 （2）分层抽样：又称类型抽样或分类抽样。是先将总体各单位按主要标志加以分层，而后在各层中按随机的原则抽取若干样本单位，由各层的样本单位组成一个样本。 （3）等距抽样：又称机械抽样或系统抽样。它是将总体全部单位按某一标志排队，而后按固定的顺序和相等间隔在总体中抽取若干样本单位，构成一个容量为n的样本。 （3）整群抽样：是将总体各单位划分为若干群，然后以群为单元，从总体中随机抽取一部分群，对被抽中的群内所有单位进行全面调查。整群抽样对总体划分群的基本要求是：第一，群与群之间不重叠，即总体中的任一单位只能属于某个群；第二，全部总体单位毫无遗漏，即总体中的任一单位必须属于某个群。 （4）多阶段抽样：当总体很大时，可把抽样过程分成几个过渡阶段，到最后才具体抽到样本单位。统计报表是按统一规定的表格形式，统一的报送程序和报表时间，自下而上提供基础统计资料，是一种具有法律性质的报表制度。 统计报表制度是一种自上而下布置，自下而上提供统计信息的报告制度。 统计报表是一种以全面调查为主的调查方式,nike mercurial vapor 2013,它是由政府主管部门根据统计法规,以条统计表格形式和行政手段字上而下布置,而后由企,事业单位自下而上层层汇总上报逐级提供基本统计数据的一种调查方式. 统计调查方法体系 统计资料的搜集，不能只使用一种调查方法，而应该根据调查对象特点和调查机构条件，灵活地选用不同调查方法组成调查方法体系。《统计法》强调统计调查应以周期性普查为基础，以经常性抽样调查为主体，以必要的统计报表、重点调查、综合分析等方法为补充，来搜集整理基本统计信息。 统计资料搜集方法 1、初级资料搜集方法 （1）直接观察法。 （2）报告法。 （3）访问法。 （4）问卷法。 2、次级资料搜集方法 次级资料搜集方法主要是指文案调查法。文案调查法也称文献调查法、桌面调查法及室内调查法，是对次级资料搜集的调查方法。 文案调查法的实施步骤如下面所述： （1）根据调查目的决定调查所需资料类别。 （2）确定调查资料的来源渠道。 （3）查找搜集资料。 （4）整理查找、搜集的次级资料。 统计调查方案设计 1、确定调查目的 2、确定调查对象和调查单位 3、确定调查项目 (1)项目要少而精(2)本着需要和可能的原则,只列入能够得到的确定答案的项目(3)项目之间尽可能保持联系,以便相互起到校验作用(4)有的项目可选定"选择式" 4、确定调查时间和调查期限 5、制定调查的组织实施计划 6、选择调查方法(1)直接观察法(2)报告法(3)采访法(4)网上调查法(最优) 统计调查误差的含义和种类 统计调查误差，就是调查结果所得的统计数字与调查总体实际数量表现的差别。 统计调查误差有两种，一种是登记误差，一种是代表性误差。 [1]重点调查重点调查是在调查对象中选择一部分重点单位进行的一种非全面调查。这些重点单位虽然数目不多，但它们的标志总量在总体总量中却占据了绝大部分。因此 ，当调查的任务只要求掌握事物的基本状况与基本的发展趋势，而不要求掌握全面的准确资料，而且在总体中确实存在着重点单位时，进行重点调查是比较适宜的。 重点调查的组织形式有两种：一种是专门组织的一次性调查；另一种是利用定期统计报表经常性地对一些重点单位调查。典型调查典型调查是一种非全面的专门调查，它是根据调查的目的与要求，在对被调查对象进行全面分析的基础上，有意识地选择若干具有典型意义的或有代表性的单位进行的调查。其主要作用是：第一，补充全面调查的不足，第二，在一定的条件下可以验证全面调查数据的真实性。典型调查同其他调查方法比较，具有灵活机动、通过少数典型即可取得深入、详实的统计资料的优点。但是，这种调查由于受"有意识地选出若干有代表性"的限制，在很大程度上受人们主观认识上的影响，因此，必须同其他调查结合起来使用，才能避免出现主观片面性。编辑本段调查方案一个完整的调查方案主要包括：确定调查目的，明确调查对象和调查单位，确定调查项目，选择调查方式方法，规定调查地点、时间及调查的具体措施。 1、调查目的：调查目的要符合客观实际，是任何一套方案首先要明确的问题，是行动的指南。 2、调查对象和调查单位：调查对象即总体，调查单位即总体中的个体。 3、调查项目：即指对调查单位所要登记的内容。 确定调查项目要注意三个问题： （1）调查项目的涵义必须要明确，不能含糊不清； （2）设计调查项目时，既要考虑调查任务的需要，又要考虑是否能够取得答案，必要的内容不能遗漏，不必要的或不可能得到的资料不要列入调查项目中； （3）调查项目应尽可能作到项目之间相互关联，使取得资料相互对照，以便了解现象发生变化的原因，条件和后果，便于检查答案的准确性。 4、调查表：就是将调查项目按一定的顺序所排列的一种表格形式。调查表一般有两种形式：单一表和一览表。一览表是把许多单位的项目放在一个表格中，它适用于调查项目不多时；单一表是在一个表格中只登记一个单位的内容。 5、调查方式和方法：调查的方式有普查、重点调查、典型调查、抽样调查、统计报表制度等。具体收集统计资料的调查方法有：访问法、观察法、报告法等。 （1）访问法：就是根据被询问者的答复来搜集资料的方法。主要包括口头询问法、开调查会、被调查者自填法。 （2）观察法：是由调查人员亲自到现场对调查对象进行观察和计量以取得资料的一种调查方法。 （3）报告法：是报告单位以各种原始记录和核算资料为依据，向有关单位提供统计资料的方法。如统计报表。 6、调查地点和调查时间：调查地点是指确定登记资料的地点；调查时间：涉及调查标准时间和调查期限。 7、组织计划：是指确保实施调查的具体工作计划。

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概念相关比较存量与流量存量信息与流量信息总结展开 编辑本段概念存量（stock）[1]是指已被购买或自建并取得所有权证书的房屋。存量房是相对于增量房而言的，增量房是指房地产开发商投资新建造的商品房，存量房一般是二手房。存量房买卖程序是由买卖双方当事人签订房屋买卖合同，合同生效后的30日内，向房屋所在地的房地产交易中心办理转移登记。 “存量房”即为“库存待售”的房产 存量（stock）是指某一指定的时点上，过去生产与积累起来的产品、货物、储备、资产负债的结存数量。如某年某月某日银行的金库中存有500美元，则银行的存量为500美元。某年某月某日某一时刻全球的人口数有60亿，则此时全球人口的存量为60亿等。存量与流量有区别。流量是指一段时间（period）内发生的某种经济变量变动的数值，它是在一定的时期内测度的，其大小有时间维度；而存量则是在某一时点上测度的,Adidas F50 TF，其大小没有时间维度。编辑本段相关比较存量与流量对于理解经济活动中各种经济变量的关系及其特征和作用至关重要。例如在财富与收入这两个经济变量中，财富就是一个存量，它是某一时刻所持有的财产；收入是一个流量，它是由货币的赚取或收取的流动率来衡量的。存量与流量之间有密切的联系。流量来自存量,Nike CTR360 Maestri III，如一定的国民收入来自一定的国民财富；存量又归于流量之中，即存量只能经由流量而发生变化，如新增加的国民财富是靠新创造的国民收入来计算的。存量信息与流量信息存量信息（stock）是关于企业的经营态度及哲学的信息，是积累的、不动的。 流量信息（flow）是指企业发出的信息中的新商品信息机新技术信息，随着不同时期商品和技术的变化而变化，是浮动的、变化的。总结存量分析和流量分析是现代西方经济学中广泛使用的分析方法。存量分析就是对一定时点上已有的经济总量的数值及其对其他经济变量的影响进行分析；流量分析则是对一定时期内有关经济总量的变动及其对其他经济总量的影响进行分析。在宏观经济学的总量分析中，既可以从存量着手，也可以从流量着手。 例如：M2就是存量概念，GDP是流量概念,nike soccer cleats 2013。

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近义词英文翻译成语资料 发音 cuán mei cù é 释义 攒眉：皱眉,Nike Lunar VIII Womens。 蹙额：皱额头。 眉头额头紧皱。形容愁闷的表情。 出处 明·冯梦龙《醒世恒言》第二十五卷：“只见那女郎侧身西坐，攒眉蹙额，有不胜怨恨的意思。” 事例 龚公以事涉两难,Nike Mercurial Victory，～问计于弟。 ★明·周顺昌《与朱德升书》编辑本段近义词攒眉苦脸编辑本段英文翻译bend one's brows <knit the brows>编辑本段成语资料成语解释：攒眉：皱眉,Mercurial Vapor IX。蹙额：皱额头。眉头额头紧皱。形容愁闷的表情。 成语举例：叶圣陶《据理论而言》：“传说开来，大家又攒眉蹙额，认为学生国文程度低落又得了个实证。” 常用程度：一般 感情色彩：贬义词 语法用法：作谓语、定语；用于人发愁时 成语结构：联合式 产生年代：古代 [1]